《認識數位演算的宰制:搜尋引擎如何惡化種族歧視》 [NYU紐約大學出版社新書]

[NYU紐約大學出版社 新書推薦]

《認識數位演算的宰制:搜尋引擎如何惡化種族歧視》

Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism

·         Safiya Umoja Noble

·          

ISBN: 9781479837243

February, 2018

256 pages

57 b/w photos

Subjects: Sociology / Women's & Gender Studies

-  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  

在《認識數位演算的宰制》一書中，作者Noble質疑像谷歌這樣的搜尋引擎能否提供一個讓不同意見、身分及活動平等立足的競技場。網路上偏頗的數據是個社會問題：Noble認為，由於利益趨使，谷歌、雅虎等搜尋引擎能夠透過數位演算的操控，使某些網站得到更多曝光，加上少數搜尋引擎的寡頭壟斷，形成了一個偏頗的系統，得以獨惠白人，歧視有色人種，尤其是有色人種的女性。

作者通過對文字和媒體的搜尋分析及大量對付費網上廣告的研究，揭露出搜尋引擎製造出來的種族和性別歧視。搜尋引擎及其相關產品不但是大眾發送電郵的來源，亦是學生學習的主要途徑。由於它們發展蓬勃，因此了解這個令人憂心的局面，並加以拆解，是非常重要的。

                                                                                               

《認識數位演算的宰制》是一個對網路偏頗數據的原創解釋，令人驚訝、又令人難過，它談述種族歧視是如何形成、存在以及如何在二十一世紀傳播。

-  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  

作者簡介：

Safiya Umoja Noble任教於加州大學洛杉磯分校教育及資訊研究系。她亦在非裔美國研究及性別研究系授課。此外，她也是The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Culture和Class Online and Emotions, Technology & Design的編輯。

-  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  

簡介原文：In Algorithms of Oppression, Safiya Umoja Noble challenges the idea that search engines like Google offer an equal playing field for all forms of ideas, identities, and activities. Data discrimination is a real social problem; Noble argues that the combination of private interests in promoting certain sites, along with the monopoly status of a relatively small number of Internet search engines, leads to a biased set of search algorithms that privilege whiteness and discriminate against people of color, specifically women of color.

Through an analysis of textual and media searches as well as extensive research on paid online advertising, Noble exposes a culture of racism and sexism in the way discoverability is created online. As search engines and their related companies grow in importance— operating as a source for email, a major vehicle for primary and secondary school learning, and beyond— understanding and reversing these disquieting trends and discriminatory practices is of utmost importance.

An original, surprising and, at times, disturbing account of bias on the internet, Algorithms of Oppression contributes to our understanding of how racism is created, maintained, and disseminated in the 21st century.

Safiya Umoja Noble is Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Studies in the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles. She also holds appointments in the Departments of African American Studies, Gender Studies, and Education. Noble is the co-editor of two books, The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Culture and Class Onlineand Emotions, Technology & Design.